| Engineering Heritage Awards | |
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Locomotive No.1 - 72nd recipient of an Engineering Heritage Award |
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| Awarded for | Sites, locations, collections and artefacts of engineering significance which have changed the way in which society lives or functions. |
| Presented by | Institution of Mechanical Engineers |
| First awarded | 26 June 1984 |
| Last awarded | 20 December 2011 |
| Currently held by | Locomotive No.1 |
| Official website | www.imeche.org/eha |
The Engineering Heritage Awards, formally known as the Engineering Heritage Hallmark Scheme,[1] were established by the Institution of Mechanical Engineers (IMechE) in 1984 to help recognise and promote engineering achievements, past and present. Its purpose is to identify and promote artefacts, locations, collections and landmarks of significant engineering importance which have changed or enhanced the way we live[2].
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In 1984, IMechE launched its Engineering Heritage Hallmark Scheme. For an object or artefact etc to be considered for an award[3], an IMechE member would be required to complete a nomination form and submit it to the Institution. Upon submission, two referees would be appointed, one nominated by the Regional Committee where the object is located and a second independent referee. The submissions from both referees would then be reviewed by the Institution's Technical Support department before a decision was taken on the application.
In 2007, the Institution established the Heritage Committee to reinvigorate, relaunch and promote the now renamed Engineering Heritage Awards. Its first task was to simplify the application process, making it more transparent and with a quicker decision-making process. Furthermore, the criteria was changed with the Institution's own library and information service now involved in the verification of details being submitted. The Award plaque was also redesigned (see below), helping to increase the value of the Award to the recipient.
Over the past 26 years, the plaques presented to EHHS and EHA recipients have changed four times. The original plaque was a blue ceramic disc approximately 40 cm in wide. This was replaced in the 1990s by a rectangular steel plate mounted on a wooden base.
With the launch of the Engineering Heritage Awards in 2008, a new cast plaque was created. This was slightly modified in 2009 to reflect the rebranding of the Institution.
On 25 October 2011, the Engineering Heritage Awards were added to the Instituiton of Mechanical Engineers' iPhone and iPad application. Users can now sort the awards by A-Z, type and location. The app can be downloaded from the Apple App Store (search 'Institution of Mechanical Engineers'). The app is in addition to the Engineering Heritage Award compendium.
| Heritage Award | Recipient | Date Awarded | Location | Citation |
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Parsons Building, Trinity College, Dublin | This was one of the first commercial machines based on the 1884 patent by Charles A Parsons for a steam turbine and used a dynamo as load. Output 65 amps, 100 volts at a speed of 12,000rpm. Presented to Trinity College, Dublin by Gerald Stone, BAI, 1911. |
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Claverton Pumping Station, Ferry Lane, Claverton, Bath. BA2 7BH | Designed by John Rennie 1761-1821. Built 1820-1813. Restored by Kennet and Avon Canal Trust 1969-1976. |
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Ffestiniog Railway, Harbour Station, Porthmadog, Gwynedd. LL49 9NF | In 1863 the company pioneered the use of narrow gauge steam locomotive haulage. The Fairlie patent design of articulated bogie locomotive and Britain’s first bogie coaches were successfully introduced in the 1870s. These innovations led to worldwide exports for British technology. |
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Museum of Science and Industry, Liverpool Road, Castlefield, Manchester. M3 4FP | Made by Beyer, Peacock and Company. Established in 1854 at Gorton, Manchester, the firm became world renowned for its locomotives. Charles Beyer and Richard Peacock were founder members of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers. |
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Kelham Island Museum, Alma Street, Sheffield. S3 8RY | A three-cylinder 12,000 hp engine with Joy Valve Gear, one of the most powerful surviving steam engines in the world. Built in 1905 by Davy Brothers of Sheffield and installed at Cammell’s Grimesthorpe Works to drive an amour plate rolling mill, this engine was transferred to the River Don Works of English Steel Corporation where it remained until Easter 1978. |
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Cragside, Rothbury, Morpeth, Northumberland. NE65 7PX | The House of Lord Armstrong (1810–1900)investor, engineer and armaments manufacturer. His hydraulic and hydroelectric inventions were applied throughout his estate. The house was the first in the world to be lit by electricity derived from water power. |
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Chatham Historical Dockyard, The Old Surgery, The Historic Dockyard, Chatham, Kent. ME4 4TZ | Designed and manufactured in 1811 by Henry Maudslay (1711–1831). It was used to re-rope HMS Victory and is still in use today. |
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Eling Tide Mill, The Tollbridge, Totton, Southampton. SP40 9HF | Restored in 1980 as a working tide mill museum. The only surviving mill in the world harnessing the power of the tide for the regular production of wholemeal flour. |
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Crofton Pumping Station, Crofton, Marlborough, Wiltshire. SN8 3DW | The world’s oldest steam engine still able to perform its original function. Presented to mark the year of the 250th anniversary of the birth of James Watt (Engineer) 1736–1819. |
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Kirkaldy Testing Museum, 99 Southwark Street, London. SE1 0JF (open on first Sunday of the month) | Built in 1865 to David Kirkaldy’s design. This machine established the present-day system of materials testing and specifications of mechanical properties for engineering materials. |
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Tower Bridge, Tower Bridge Road, London. SE1 2UP | Built to the design of Sir John Wolfe Barry. The whole mechanical construction is unique in the world and the acme of steam and hydraulic power of the Victorian era. |
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Plaque presented to Mount Pleasant Post Office, London. (Railway not open to visitors) | Opened 5 December 1927. The first automatic electric railway and the only postal railway in the world, providing a unique solution to the problem of transporting large volumes of mail across a capital city. |
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Plaque at Museum of Rail Travel, Ingrow near Keighley, West Yorkshire. BD21 5AX. (Bellerophon on loan to Foxfield Railway, Stoke-on-Trent) | Built in 1874 to Josiah Evans’ design at his family’s Haydock foundry. The earliest surviving example of piston valves in a steam locomotive. Restored to full working order by the Vintage Carriages Trust in 1985. |
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Abbeydale Industrial Hamlet, Abbeydale South Road, Sheffield. S7 2QW | The furnace (1829) is the world’s oldest surviving example of the type developed by Benjamin Huntsman. In its day it represented a great metallurgical achievement.
The tilt hammers (1785) are probably the oldest set on their original site. They exemplify engineering technology in the heyday of water power. Together they symbolise the achievement of steel-makers and engineers which provided the foundations of the Industrial Revolution. |
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Darlington Railway Museum, North Road Station, Darlington. DL3 6ST | Locomotion was built to a design originated by George Stephenson, the first President of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers.
On the opening day of the Stockton and Darlington Railway, 27 September 1825, he drove this engine, hauling the inaugural train, on the world’s first steam-worked public railway. |
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Kingston Upon Thames (The site has since been demolished) | The world’s first operational V/STOL aircraft which entered service in 1969.
Developed from the P1127, a concept by the Hawker Aircraft and Bristol Siddeley Engines design teams under the leadership of Sir Sydney Camm and Sir Stanley Hooker. |
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Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, Richmond. TW9 3AB | Designed by PSA Projects and opened on 28 July 1987 as the world’s most advanced energy-efficient conservatory.
It incorporates ten different climatic zones, created and maintained by a fully integrated computer-controlled system. |
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Thames Barrier Learning Center, 1 Unity Way, Woolwich, London. SE18 5NJ | Officially opened in 1984, it is the world’s largest navigable flood barrier and incorporated novel and unique engineering design and operation of equipment.
It is vital and effective in London’s flood defences as well as being one of the capital’s aesthetically pleasing major structures. Project sponsored by the Greater London Council. Consulting engineers Rendel Palmer and Tritton. Operated by the National Rivers Authority. |
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Tees Transport Bridge, Ferry Road, Middlesbrough. TS2 1PL | This is the world’s longest operational transporter bridge.
Since its opening in 1911 it has provided a reliable crossing of the Tees, without the need for approach embankments, allowing freedom of passage to ocean-going vessels. Designed by Mr GC Imbault of Cleveland Bridge and Engineering Co Ltd and built by Sir William Arrol and Co Ltd. |
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Wortley Top Forge Industrial Museum, Forge Lane, Thurgoland, South Yorkshire. S35 7DN | The world’s oldest surviving heavy-iron forge, operated from 1620 to 1908.
It earned a worldwide reputation for the quality of the railway axles produced in the 19th century. It was a pioneering example of integrated engineering, combining research, design, and manufacture and testing. |
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Throughout London. The Award was presented to Thames Water at its Islington offices. | This is a unique water distribution system with a pressurised closed tunnel ring of drinking water, gravity fed from several treatment works. |
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65 Gilmore Place, Edinburgh. EH3 9NU (The house is now a 4 star bed and breakfast) | In this house lived David Theodore Nelson Williamson 1920–1992. Mechanical and Electrical Engineer. Originator of high-quality sound reproduction through his amplifier. World pioneer in the application of Numerical Control to Machine Tools which led to Computer-Aided Manufacture. |
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Discovery Museum, Blandford Square, Newcastle upon Tyne. NE1 4JA | TS Turbinia epitomises the achievements of Sir Charles Parsons (1854–1931), world renowned engineer and inventor.
Turbinia is powered by his greatest invention, the first practical steam turbine, which transformed high speed ship propulsion and established the foundation for present-day electrical power generation. |
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National Waterfront Museum, Oystermouth Road, Maritime Quarter, Swansea. SA1 3RD | Richard Trevithick’s Penydarren Locomotive was constructed in 1804 and was operated by the Merthyr Tramroad. This is a replica of that machine which drew widespread recognition of the potential for rail traction of Trevithick’s high-pressure steam engine. |
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The engine was donated to the Science Museum, London. It is stored within their archives and not on display. | The intricate patterns engraved by this geometric lathe were used for over a century to protect bank notes and documents from forgery. In tandem with Bryan Donkin’s unique pantograph milling machine, the lathe produced high precision compound metal dies for printing simultaneously in two colours. |
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Rolls Royce Heritage Centre, Derby. DE24 8BJ | The RB211 is the first, and at present the only, three-shaft, high bypass ratio aero engine in the world to go into production. 25 years on, it is still setting new standards of reliability and durability. |
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University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham. NG7 2RD | This engine (Nº379) c1872 is one of about 1,300 built by Crossley Brothers, Manchester to a Nikolaus August Otto design patented in 1866.
It is an example of the first commercially successful internal combustion engine which was introduced at the 1867 Paris Exhibition. |
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Channel Tunnel - Folkstone, Kent. Eurostar - Waterloo Station, London. (Eurostar has now relocated to St Pancras Station, London) | The Channel Tunnel is one of the most advanced and largest engineering projects of its type. It carries both conventional trains and vehicle shuttles and has reduced the time to cross the Channel to minutes rather than hours. |
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Kew Bridge Steam Museum, Green Dragon Lane, Brentford, Middlesex. TW8 0EN | Unique in its approach to the preservation of water pumping equipment, in particular the original installations of five famous Cornish beam engines. |
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Throughout Nottingham | The Nottingham Combined Heating and Power Scheme is the first in the UK to produce commercial electricity and hot water for community heating by the efficient incineration of refuse.
Reducing refuse to sterile, inert residue and extending the life of landfill sites are additional environmental and economic benefits of the scheme. |
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Great Western Dock, Gasferry Road, Bristol. BS1 6TY | An outstanding example of IK Brunel’s innovative design that made a significant contribution to society and mechanical engineering. It was the first iron-hulled, screw-propelled vessel to cross any ocean. It was conceived as a key element in the integrated transport system from London to the New World. |
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Streetlife Museum, High Street, Kingston upon Hull. HU1 1PS | William Dent Priestman (1847–1936) patented in 1885 an internal combustion engine to burn fuels heavier than petrol.
Introduced in 1886, it was the first successful engine of its type in the United Kingdom. The quality of his mechanical engineering has lasted. |
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Sheffield Forgemasters, Brightside Lane, Sheffield. S9 2RX | The world’s first cast steel node made in 1978 at the nearby foundry of River Don Castings, now part of Sheffield Forgemasters.
Used to join the tubulars of offshore oil platforms, the design in cast steel represented a significant milestone for both the development of casting technology and offshore structures. |
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ANSYS UK, Sheffield Business Park, 6 Europa View, Sheffield. S9 1XH | Awarded in recognition of the significant impact of the Fluent CFD software (Releases 1–5, 1983 to 1998) on knowledge, excellence and innovation in mechanical engineering, and for its resultant contribution to the health and well-being of society, the economy and the environment. |
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Plaque located at Canary Wharf Underground Station, Canary Wharf, London. | In recognition of the numerous features contributing to passenger safety and access on the Jubilee Line Extension, exemplifying the continuous innovation in London’s Underground system from its inception in 1863. |
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Kelham Island Industrial Museum, Alma Street, Sheffield. S3 8RY | In recognition of the outstanding contribution to the steel industry by Sir Henry Bessemer through his invention of the Bessemer Process for steelmaking as embodied in this last remaining example of the Bessemer Converter. |
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Pilkington Group Limited, Prescott Road, St. Helems, Merseyside. WA10 3TT | Invented by Sir Alastair Pilkington and his team of engineers, scientists and production workers in 1953 at Pilkington Brothers, St Helens. This process has revolutionised window and automotive glass production throughout the world since the 1960s. |
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Kelham Island Museum, Alma Street, Sheffield. S3 8RY | Presented in recognition of the outstanding contribution to mechanical engineering made by Joseph Bramah in laying the foundations of fluid power engineering, as embodied in this last remaining example of a Bramah Hydraulic Press. |
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Anson Engine Museum, Anson Road, Poynton, Cheshire. SK12 1TD | The Gardner 4L2 engine was the first consistently reliable, high-speed direct injection diesel engine. Its fuel efficiency, total reliability and longevity were to transform road transport. |
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The Stephenson Works, 20 South Street, Newcastle upon Tyne. NE1 3PE (public access ceased in 2009) | The Stephenson Works on South Street in Newcastle housed the world’s first purpose-built locomotive works. These buildings were the birth of the steam locomotive, which revolutionised the railway industry worldwide. |
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Motorsport and Aviation Museum, Brooklands Road, Weybridge, Surrey. KT13 0QN | The Wellington, with its unique geodetic structure designed by Sir Barnes Wallis, was the most technically advanced of the new generation of RAF bombers developed in the mid 1930s. It served throughout World War Two and pioneered many features used in later designs. |
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Kew Bridge Steam Museum, Green Dragon Lane, Brentford, Middlesex. TW8 0EN | The largest engine of its type in existence and the only example still in its original location. The design was developed by Edward Bull in the 1790s and subsequently by Harvey and Company in Cornwall. |
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Didcot Railway Centre, Didcot Parkway Station, Oxfordshire. OX11 7NJ | For its work in preserving and recreating the heritage of the Great Western Railway, allowing future generations to enjoy the work of Brunel, Gooch and Churchward, to participate and to learn engineering skills. |
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Ffestiniog Railway, Harbour Station, Porthmadog, Gwynedd. LL49 9NF | Built in 1909 to HW Garratt’s patent, the first of over 1,000 Garratt-type articulated locomotives exported from Manchester to all corners of the world. They gave reliable service in some of the most remote places on Earth. |
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BAE Systems, Warton Aerodrome, Preston. PR4 1AX | The first and only all-British fully supersonic fighter aircraft type. In frontline service with the RAF 1960–1988, a record for a fighter jet. |
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Anson Engine Museum, Anson Road, Poynton, Cheshire. SK12 1TD | One of the pair of JCB444-LSR engines that powered the JCB Dieselmax Car to a speed of 350.092 mph at the Bonneville Salt Flats on 23 August 2006. Presented in recognition of its success in setting the FIA international record for diesel-powered cars. |
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The Crossness Engines Trust, The Old Works, Crossness Sewage Treatment Works, Belvedere Road, Abbey Wood, London. SE2 9AQ | Presented for its work on the restoration of the 1865 Engine House and the James Watt Rotative Beam Engines, which, with the pumps, were a key part of Joseph Bazalgette’s sewage system that rid London of cholera and typhoid. |
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Bletchley Park, Milton Keynes. MK3 6ED | Rebuilt in 2007 using the original blueprints. An electromechanical device designed by A Turing, G Welshman and H Keen, used in cracking the German Enigma code during the Second World War. The 200 Bombes built by the British Tabulating Machine Company played a pivotal role in winning the war. |
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Perkins Heritage Center, Perkins Engines, Frank Perkins Way, Peterborough. PE1 5NA | Perkins Wolf. Designer: CW Chapman. The first high speed diesel engine. The Wolf with its patented Perkins Aeroflow combustion system could run at 3,000rpm and was available for light truck and passenger car conversions from 1933. The success of Perkins Engines was founded upon this engine. |
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National Railway Museum, leeman Road, York. YO26 4XJ | Tornado – A1 Pacific Locomotive. Designer: AH Peppercorn. Completed in 2008 using a blend of traditional and modern engineering skills, Tornado is the first mainline steam locomotive to be built in this country since 1960. The A1 Pacifics were the last LNER express passenger design, able to run 118,000 miles between repairs. None were preserved at the end of steam. |
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The Science Museum, Exhibition Road, South Kensington, London. SW7 2DD |
In recognition of James Watt’s improvements to the steam engine. ‘Old Bess’ was built by Boulton and Watt in 1777 and used to power their Soho Manufactory until 1848. This engine was the precursor of much of the power-generating plant on show in the Museum and is the oldest surviving of Watt’s engines. |
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Royal Air Force, Coningsby, Lincolnshire. LN4 4SY | The Avro Lancaster, Hawker Hurricanes and Supermarine Spitfires of this Flight are a tribute to the airmen who lost their lives in the service of this country and an inspiration to all. |
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Kempton Park Water Treatment Works, Snakey Lane, Hanworth, Middlesex TW13 6XH | Designed by the Metropolitan Water Board under the direction of Henry Stilgoe. These two triple expansion engines were manufactured by Worthington-Simpson at Newark-on-Trent and commissioned in 1928. They provided clean water to the people of London for 50 years.
Engine No. 6 (known as The William Prescott) is the largest working steam engine in the World. |
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Internal Fire Museum of Power, Castell Pridd, Tanygroes, Ceredigion. SA43 2JS | Powered by the Bristol Siddeley Proteus engine and conceived by A N Irens, this 3MW unit was commissioned in 1959. It pioneered the concept of unmanned power stations and the use of lightweight gas turbines for power generation. This is the only operational set on public display in the world. |
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Ricardo, Shoreham Technical Centre, Shoreham by Sea, West Sussex. BN4 5FG | This four-stroke stratified charge engine, designed by Sir Harry Ricardo at the age of 17, was built in 1903 and used for pumping water at his family home. Its success encouraged Sir Harry to a lifetime of engine design and development. President of the IMechE in 1944, his thoughts and inventions still contribute to the success of Ricardo today. |
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Sheffield Park Station, East Sussex. TN22 3QL | The first preserved standard gauge passenger railway in Great Britain, running its first train in August 1960. The Bluebell Railway has impressive workshop facilities and is committed to preserving and developing the rolling stock, infrastructure, skills and atmosphere of a working steam railway. |
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Claymills Victorian Pumping Station, Meadow Lane, Stretton, Burton on Trent,Staffordshire. DE13 0DA | Awarded to the Claymills Pumping Engines Trust for their restoration of Britain's most complete example of a Victorian sewage pumping station. From 1885 to 1971 this site dealt with the effluent from Burton upon Trent's brewing industry. Among its many treasures is the oldest working steam driven dynamo in the country. |
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Queen Street Mill Textile Museum, Queen Street, Harle Syke, Burnley, Lancashire. BB10 2HX |
This horizontal tandem compound condensing engine was built by W Roberts and Sons of Nelson in 1894 and powered the mill until Queen Street Manufacturing Company closed down in 1982. Now 'Peace' is preserved and can be seen working in her original location. |
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HMS Belfast, Morgan's Lane, Tooley Street, London. SE1 2JH |
Launched in 1938 at Harland & Wolff, the only surviving major Royal navy warship from WWII. Four 20,000hp steam turbines, a speed of 32 knots, twelve 6 inch guns and displacing 11,500 tons; HMS Belfast’s success in battle is a tribute to her sound design and the skill and courage of her crew. |
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Quarry Bank Mill and Styal Estate, Styal, Wilmslow, Cheshire. SK9 4LA |
A unique collection of working textile and power machinery enabling visitors to experience the whole process from spinning raw cotton to weaving finished cloth. Quarry Bank Mill is a site of educational importance, providing a link for the children of today with children of a bygone era. |
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Bursledon Brickworks Industrial Museum, Swanwick Lane, Swanwick. SO31 7GW |
The steam driven extrusion plant was installed in 1897 and operated for over 70 years. Restored by the Hampshire Buildings Preservation Trust, this is thought to be the only working example in the country. Brick making machinery such as this was key to the expansion of our towns and cities. |
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Royal Navy Submarine Museum, Haslar Jetty Road, Gosport, Hampshire. PO12 2AS |
Built by Vickers Maxim at Barrow-in-Furness and launched in 1901, this pioneer submarine was powered by a 160hp petrol engine and had a surface speed of 8 knots. A 70hp electric motor gave a submerged speed of 7 knots. Holland 1 was the Royal navy's first operational submarine. |
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The Royal Arsenal, Woolwich, London. SE18 6ST |
The Royal Arsenal produced much of the armaments required by this country during the growth of the British Empire and through two World Wars. Many important mechanical innovations were developed by the first Chief Mechanical Engineer, Sir John Anderson (1814-1886), Vice President of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers. |
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PS Waverley A & J Inglis Ltd - Glasgow Built in 1946 for the London & North Eastern Railway, Waverley is the last seagoing paddle steamer in the world. She has a displacement of 693 tons and Rankin & Blackmore triple expansion steam engine producing 2100 ihp at 58 rpm. In acceptance trials she achieved a speed of 18 knots. |
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Avro Vulcan XH558 Designed by Roy Chadwick and Stuart Davies The last airworthy representative of the RAF's V-bomber fleet, the British strategic deterrent from 1955 to 1969, the Vulcan is a stirring example of British leadership in aviation. XH558 was in service until 1993 and is powered by four Rolls-Royce Olympus engines. |
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Talyllyn Railway Opened in 1866, the Talyllyn Railway is the oldest continuously operated narrow gauge railway in Britain. In 1951 it became the world's first volunteer operated preserved railway. At 7.25 miles long and with a gauge of 2 feet and 3 inches, the Talyllyn Railway is an important part of Welsh industrial heritage. |
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Central Valve Steam Engine Willans & Robinson Built in 1901 at Rugby, this 140hp three crank compound engine was in service for 57 years. Willans engines ran at 350 to 500rpm and could be direct-coupled to generators. In 1892 they accounted for 68% of all electricity generated in Britain, dominating this market until the advent of steam turbines. |
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Jaguar E-type Designed by Malcolm Sayer under the direction of Sir William Lyons (HonFIMechE) the Jaguar E-type is a direct descendant of the cars which won five Le Mans 24 hour races during the 1950s. It introduced breakthrough motor engineering technology such as the combined monocoque-spaceframe which in later years was adopted by Formula one. |
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Boulton and Watt Engine The oldest rotative steam engine in the world. Built in 1785, it powered Whitbread's London Brewary until 1887. James Watt demonstrated this engine to King George III when he visited the brewary in 1787. This engine marks the start of mass industrialisation and the exponential increase in our use of fossil fuel. 20 December 2011 |
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The Humphrey Pump H A Humphrey MIMechE A four-stroke engine with no pistons or crankshaft, Humphrey's ingenious invention patented in 1906 acts directly upon the water it pumps. This gas fuelled example, built by William Beardmore & Co., served Cobdogla from 1927 to 1965. Restored in 1985, it is the only working Humphrey Pump in the world. 20 December 2011 |
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The oldest surviving steam locomotive in Australia Built by Robert Stephenson & Co. in 1854, this is the only locomotive designed by James McConnell, one of the founders of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, to have been preserved. Locomotive No.1 symbolises the transformation of social, industrial and commercial life in New South Wales through British railway technology. 20 December 2011 |